High Blood Pressure
A person suffers from high blood pressure, also called hypertension, when their blood pressure reading is 140/90 mm Hg or higher.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 70 million American adults, which means 1 out of every 3 adults, have high blood pressure.
High blood pressure is usually associated with stress, smoking, high salt intake, anxiety, excessive drinking, and leading a sedentary lifestyle.
Other contributing factors include obesity, genetic factors, use of birth control pills or pain relievers, kidney disease and adrenal disease.
Usually, high blood pressure does not present noticeable symptoms. In some cases, it may cause headaches, shortness of breath or nosebleeds, but these symptoms occur when the blood pressure reading is extremely high.
If ignored, high blood pressure may lead to heart disease or even strokes. The only way to identify it is to regularly measure your blood pressure, either on your own at home or by a doctor. If you find the numbers are too high, start taking steps to control it.
Diabetes
Diabetes is a condition that requires constant monitoring. There are two types of diabetes.
In Type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce any insulin.
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which your body is unable to make enough insulin, or cannot use it properly.
According to the International Diabetes Federation, an estimated 387 million people worldwide have diabetes and 1 in 2 people do not even know that they have it.
This is why diabetes is considered a silent killer. Some common symptoms include excessive thirst, hunger, sudden weight loss, frequent urination, tiredness, slow-healing sores or cuts, and blurry vision.
The exact cause of diabetes is not known. However, genetics, obesity, a poor diet and lack of exercise appear to play important roles in developing this disease.
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to a variety of serious complications. These include heart disease, kidney disease, limb amputation, strokes, and vision loss.
If you have a high risk of developing diabetes and notice any of the common symptoms, get your blood glucose levels checked. When diagnosed with diabetes, treatment may include taking insulin or other medications.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common heart disease caused by plaque buildup in the walls of your arteries. Too much plaque buildup narrows the arteries over time, which could partially or totally block the blood flow throughout your body. Over a period of time, CAD can also weaken your heart muscle, leading to heart failure.
Major risk factors for CAD include obesity or being overweight, a family history of heart disease, a poor diet, smoking and lack of physical activity.
As CAD does not cause any immediate signs and symptoms, it can go unnoticed until you have a heart attack. Opt for regular health checkups for timely diagnosis.
Eat a diet low in sodium and fat, avoid smoking, exercise regularly and take medications after consulting your doctor to reduce your risk of CAD or other heart conditions.
Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver disease is a condition in which the liver has difficulty breaking down fats, which causes a buildup in the liver tissue. There are two types of fatty liver disease– alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
As the name suggests, alcoholic liver disease is caused by excessive alcohol consumption. The exact cause of nonalcoholic disease, is not known yet.
It usually runs in families. Fatty liver is described as when more than 10 percent of the liver is fat and the impaired liver functioning has occurred in someone who drinks little or no alcohol.
During the initial stage, fatty liver disease usually does not cause any noticeable symptoms, rather the disease is harmless at this stage.
Overtime, the fat that accumulates in the liver can cause inflammation and scarring. This leads to a more serious form of the disease.
You may experience dull or aching pain in the top right of your abdomen as well as fatigue, loss of appetite and a general feeling of being unwell if you have a fatty liver.
You are at a higher risk of suffering from this condition if you had gastric bypass surgery. Other risk factors include high cholesterol, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, sleep apnea, Type 2 diabetes, underactive thyroid and underactive pituitary gland.